The day started at 8am where we started to gather in the Vector Borne Diseases Unit. Our field work for this morning is Aedes Surveillance in Taman Ria Jaya. After the Officers of the Unit finished their meeting,we were told to follow them to the surveillance area. The meeting was told to be about internal auditing and also about the surveillance that was going to take place. We were not allowed to participate in the meeting.
The meeting finished about 10am and we started to drive to the initial location of the surveillance, that is the Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Taman Ria Jaya. About 10.30am in the morning, we entered the school. 3 officers were there to do the surveillance. All the places where Aedes mosquitos can breed were checked. Those places are like the small pond, nursery, back of the canteen, and the surroundings of the school.
The larvae were found in the school nursery. The samples were collected in 5 small bottles using pipette. The bottles were then sealed and labeled with information like the date of the sample taken, the location of the sample collected and who collected it. The headmaster signed the label. The Pembantu Kesihatan Awam and/or the Pekerja Am witnessed these procedures. The school will be compounded RM 150, under the Act of Destruction of Disease Bearing Insect 1975, section 13.
After finishing the surveillance in the school, we then proceeded to the housing area, Taman Serampang that was opposite the school. The detail will be described in specific report.
Aedes Survey at Taman Ria Jaya
The entire surveillance session extended up to 12pm. We then dispersed for lunch. At 1.30pm we meet again at the Meeting room in the main building as Dr. Sawari Rajan, Dr.Kay, Dr.Sapna, and Dr. Lily came to meet us. In this 30 minute session, they questioned us about the things we learned over the last and this week and gave us some feedback on topics that should be covered in detail. Thanks to their suggestion that lead us to apply family planning topic from LPPKN which was governed by different ministry.
Visits from the honourable lectures, from left to right: Dr. Sawri Rajan, Dr. Sapna, Dr. Kay, and Dr. Lily.
PPP(K) Mr.Berhan
The next session was at 2.30pm PPP(K) Mr.Berhan. He is in charge of HIV anonymous and HIV testing pre-marriage proceedings. The session started off with a slide show. The first few slides were about the history of HIV that covered the first cases in the world and also in Malaysia. The first case in Malaysia was found in the year 1986. He also covered the mode of spread of the virus, and characteristics of the virus. It is found that blood, semen and vaginal fluids have very high content of the virus compared to the least containing tears, saliva and milk. There were also slides about the opportunistic infections that are common in HIV/Aids patients, e.g like Genital Candidiasis, Oral hairy leukoplakia, Pneumocyctic carinii pneumonia and TB.
The up coming slides contained graphs that contained needed statistics about the disease. There were slides about the prevalence and incidence of HIV patients in the world (1998). Africa has the highest number of both the prevalence and incidence globally, that is about 22.5 million prevalence cases. Global estimation of AIDS patient in the year1998 is 33.4 million and number of death is 2.4 million.
While in Malaysia from the year 1989-1998 the amount of HIV patients were 28,541 and amount of AIDS patients were 2354. The most common age groups that are affected in Malaysia are from the age 30-39 and 20-29. In Kedah from 1989-1998 the most commonly affected race were Malays with 74%, next are Chinese with 14%, then Indian 6% and other races who are Malaysian contribute about 3% and foreigners are bout 3% also. Besides that another graph showed sharing IV drug needles as the highest mode of transmission (82%) in Kedah, next is the heterosexual intercourse(11%) and third largest is the homosexual intercourse(3%). The fishermen are the most affected people with HIV in Kedah, next are factory workers. While in females most of the affected ones were housewives.
Besides that, measures to prevent HIV/AIDS were also discussed. Preventive measures for HIV/AIDS are very important as there is no cure or vaccines for it. Everybody is advised to live a healthy, straight lifestyle. The public are advised not to share needles if they are IV drug users, and do not practice random or unprotected sex with multiple partners. Besides that mothers are advised to have early detection test.
After that, we also discussed the programmes that run for Muslims. These programmes involve those who are intent to tie the knot. It is compulsory for them to fill up the Borang Pemohonan Pemeriksaan Kesihatan which is from the National Islamic Department. They need to involve in Programme Ujian Saringan HIV Pra-perkahwinan. If one of the partner’s test is reactive, that person will be referred to Family Medical Specialist, however the positive result of the individual will not be told to the other partner. If the test is positive after referring to the Family Medicine Specialist, treatment will be started and these individuals will be referred to the Islamic Department for decisions to be made about the marriage.
Other forms that are needed to be filled in are Reten Bulanan saringan HIV Pra-perkahwinan, Reten Modified Syndromic approach. While for the non-muslim they have Programme Pengurusan HIV but this is not compulsory.
Reported by Gaaitheri
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